| 彭亚晶,叶玉清.化学通报,2015,78(8):693-701. |
| 含能材料起爆过程“热点”理论研究进展 |
| Research Progress of “Hot-spot” Theory in Energetic Materials Initiation |
| 投稿时间：2014-11-21 修订日期：2015-02-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 含能材料 起爆 热点 形成机制 |
| 英文关键词:Energetic materials Initiation “Hot-spot” Formation mechanism |
| 基金项目:中国博士后科学基金;国家自然科学基金项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 对含能材料起爆机理的深入了解是提高含能材料安全可靠性的根本。“热点”起爆机理是目前被广泛认可的一种理论。本文主要介绍了“热点”理论的产生历史，“热点”模型，以及从宏观和微观两个角度概括总结实验和理论上对“热点”形成机制的最新研究成果。比较分析了“热点”模型的有效性，并提出了“热点”起爆理论中存在的一些问题和今后的研究方向。分析表明“热点”起爆机理是一种重要的且比较复杂的理论，它不仅与含能材料分子结构特性有关，还与晶体缺陷类型以及外界能量注入方式有关。同时，它涉及到外界能量向材料内部热能的转化，并在热、力及化学反应耦合作用下发展的复杂的物理化学过程。因而，从原子分子层次分析微观结构与外界能量的耦合机制是深入理解“热点”理论的有效途径。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Further understanding of the initiation mechanism is the fundamental to improve the safety and reliability of energetic materials. The “hot-spot” initiation mechanism is a widely recognized theory so far. This paper mainly introduces the history of “hot-spot” theory, the “hot-spot” models, and the experimental and theoretical research progress in formation mechanism of "hot-spot" in macro and micro aspects. The validity of “hot-spot” model, some existing problems and intending research direction in the “hot-spot” initiation theory are also discussed. Analysis shows that the "hot-spot" initiation mechanism is a kind of important and complex theory. It is not only related to molecular structure characteristics of energetic materials, but also related to the crystal defect types and the loading way of external energy. At the same time, it involves the conversion of external energy to thermal energy in the material. It is a complex physical and chemical process affected by the coupling of heat, force and chemical reaction. Therefore, analyzing the coupling mechanism between microstructure and loading energy from the atomic and molecular level is an effective way to understand the "hot-spot" theory. |
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