| 邵利民.化学通报,2017,80(3):307-311. |
| 再论滴定分析终点误差的统一计算 |
| On the Universal Calculation of Various Types of Titration Error |
| 投稿时间：2016-08-01 修订日期：2016-10-09 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 定量化学分析 滴定 终点误差 |
| 英文关键词:Quantitative Chemical Analysis, Titration, Titration Error |
| 基金项目:安徽省重大教学研究项目（2015zdjy006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 终点误差是高等分析化学课程的重要内容。当前分析化学教材多采用浓度定义式,并在此基础上推导出各种计算式。这种“公式化”的策略简单方便,但是没有实现统一计算,记忆负担重,而且难以解决复杂问题。本文从理论上证明了体积定义式完全等价于浓度定义式,从而为通过体积定义式统一计算终点误差提供支持,同时消除对体积定义式的误解。结果表明,体积定义式具有适用范围广、记忆负担轻、以及运算强度低的优点,能够统一四大滴定的终点误差计算。此外,对现行教材中的终点误差计算策略进行了梳理和归纳,剖析了现状,讨论了林邦公式在终点误差统一计算方面的缺陷,为相关研究提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Titration error is a key concept in the course of analytical chemistry. In traditional textbooks, titration error is defined with concentrations of both titrant and analyte. The definition via concentration is not suitable for calculation, so a number of formulae are derived from it and used practically. The formula-oriented strategy is simple, but fails to provide a universal way to calculate various types of titration error, which in turn burdens students with annoying memorization. Another flaw of the strategy is its incapability in complex problems, because the formula is either unavailable or too complicated. In this paper, the definition via volume was proposed to replace the one via concentration. The volumes in the definition are those of the titrant added at the end point and the stoichiometric point, respectively. The definition via volume was proven to be equivalent to the one via concentration, and has notable advantages over the latter, such as free from derived formulae and universal. It was also discussed that the Ringbom formula cannot be applied to complex titrations, so it is not a universal approach to the calculation of titration error as some researches claimed. |
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