| 年宇娇,杨世海,孔维军,杨美华.化学通报,2017,80(9):819-828. |
| 适配体在靶向特异性检测中的最新应用进展 |
| Application Progress of Aptamers in Targeted Specific Detection |
| 投稿时间：2017-02-18 修订日期：2017-03-15 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 适配体 靶向特异识别 灵敏快速检测 应用进展 |
| 英文关键词:Aptamers Specific recognition Sensitive and rapid detection Application progress |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 适配体是体外采用SELEX技术筛选得到的一段寡核苷酸序列(DNA或RNA)，能折叠成一定的空间结构结合靶物质，实现特异性吸附。其功能类似抗体，但具有抗体无法比拟的优势，如靶物质范围广、特异性强、亲和力高、体外筛选而不需要动物、易于标记和修饰、稳定性好、没有毒性、易制备等。近年来，适配体已在分析检测、生物化学、食品安全、临床医疗等领域得到广泛应用。本文通过总结近些年国内外的文献报道，综述了适配体在金属离子、抗生素、农药残留、真菌毒素、蛋白质、微生物、细胞等成分靶向特异性快速检测方面的应用进展，并分析可能存在的局限性和问题，展望其应用前景和发展趋势，以期为适配体的拓展应用和相关研究提供依据和支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aptamers are a kind of oligonucleotide sequences (DNA or RNA) obtained by SELEX technique in vitro, which can combine with the targets by folding into a certain space structure for specific adsorption. The function of aptamers is similar to that of antibodies, but it have incomparable advantages, such as a wide range of targets, good specificity and affinity, screening in vitro without animals, easy labeling and modification, good stability, no toxicity and easy to prepare. In recent years, aptamers have been widely used in the fields of analytical chemistry, biochemistry, food safety, clinical diagnosis and especially multi-components detection. In this paper, the application of aptamers in high-throughput rapid detection of metal ions, antibiotics, pesticide residues, mycotoxins, proteins, microorganisms and cells was reviewed and summarized, the possible limitations and the main problems were discussed, as well as the application prospects and trends were outlooked in order to provide some supports and references to expand the application of aptamers and related research. |
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