| 任庆,边明远,陈飞武.化学通报,2019,82(3):237-242. |
| 液体的表面吸附:表面相厚度和热效应的理论研究 |
| Surface adsorption of liquids: |
| 投稿时间：2018-12-15 修订日期：2019-01-05 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 表面吸附,表面张力,纯液体,强电解质溶液,相变 |
| 英文关键词:Surface adsorption, Surface tension, pure liquid, strong electrolyte solution,phase transition. |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（21473008） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1868 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文定量地研究了六种纯液体的表面张力与温度的关系,进一步预测了这些液体从体相到表面相的相变过程中所放出的热量,并提出放热的根源是分子在表面相更有序地排列,熵减少所致。本文还研究了CaCl2和K2CO3水溶液的表面张力随浓度的变化关系,理论模拟结果与实验数据非常一致； 同时,在给定b值的情况下,还对16种强电解质溶液的表面层厚度进行了估算,对所揭示的溶液表面层增厚现象给出了理论解释。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| .In this article the relationship between the surface tension and temperature for six pure liquids were studied quantitatively, and the heat released by the phase transition of these liquids from bulk to surface has been further predicted; we elucidate that the fundamental cause of exothermicity is that the entropy is reduced due to that molecules are arranged in a more ordered way in the surface phase. The relationships between the surface tension and concentrations of CaCl2 and K2CO3 aqueous solutions were also investigated and the simulated results were in very close agreement with the experimental data. Meanwhile, we also estimated the surface layer thickness of 16 strong electrolyte solutions at given b values, and a theoretical explanation for the phenomenon of the surface layer thickening of solutions was given. |
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