| 栗艳丽,袁振东[].化学通报,2022,85(10):1267-1272. |
| 从“得失氧”到“极性翻转”:氧化还原反应概念的历史演变 |
| From “Gain And Loss of Oxygen”to “Polarity Umpolung”: The Historical Evolution of The Concept of Redox Reaction |
| 投稿时间：2022-03-07 修订日期：2022-05-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 氧化还原反应 化合价 电子 氧化数 电负性 |
| 英文关键词:Redox Reaction Valence Electron Oxidation Number Electronegativity |
| 基金项目: |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 2397 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 18世纪末，拉瓦锡在氧化学说范式下，建立了“得失氧”角度上的氧化还原反应的概念。19世纪，约翰逊在化合价学说的基础上，发现氧化还原反应的共同特征是“化合价升降”，其概念扩大至反应前后化合价发生升降的一类反应。20世纪初，弗莱从“电子转移”的角度解释了化合价升降的原因，揭示了氧化还原反应的微观本质。1948年，格拉斯顿在价键理论和电负性基础上，从“氧化数变化”的角度提出了氧化还原反应的人为表征概念。20世纪末，古德斯坦和李良助分别从“电负性顺序”和“极性翻转”角度提出了氧化还原反应的现代理解。氧化还原反应概念的发展史，反映了化学思想的发展和科学认识的变化，对化学研究有重要的启示。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| At the end of the 18th century, Lavoisier established the concept of REDOX reaction from the perspective of “gain and loss of oxygen” under the paradigm of oxidation theory. In the 19th century, Johnson found that the common feature of REDOX reactions is “chemical valence rise and fall”, based on the theory of chemical valence, and its concept is expanded to a type of reaction in which the valence rises and falls before and after the reaction. At the beginning of the 20th century, Fry explained the reasons for the rise and fall of the valence from the perspective of “electron transfer”, revealing the microscopic nature of the REDOX reaction. In 1948, On the basis of valence bond theory and electronegativity, Gladstone proposed the concept of anthropogenic characterization of REDOX reactions from the perspective of “oxidation number variation”. At the end of the 20th century, Goodstein and Li Liang-zhu proposed a modern understanding of REDOX reaction from the perspectives of “electronegativity order” and “polarity umpolung” respectively. The history of the development of the concept of REDOX reaction reflects the development of chemical thought and the change of scientific understanding, which has important enlightenment for chemical research. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |