| 赵陈泷,沈倩,黄众熙,陈泽娜,杨乃娣,余昌敏.化学通报,2024,87(6):642-651. |
| 金纳米粒子的表面修饰及生物应用进展 |
| Surface modification and biological applications of gold nanoparticles |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-29 修订日期：2024-01-30 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 金纳米粒子 表面修饰 生物应用 |
| 英文关键词:gold nanoparticles surface modification biological applications |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0709900)、国家卫生健康委核医学重点实验室、江苏省分子核医学重点实验室项目(KF202203)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 近年来纳米材料被广泛应用于生物医学、航空航天和精细化工等领域。构成纳米材料的纳米粒子具有小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子隧道效应等性质。其中金纳米粒子由于其独特的荧光特性、良好的生物相容性和表面等离子共振等性质,被广大科研人员进行深入研究。例如,在生物医学领域,科研人员构建了一系列新型的金纳米比色传感器、光学探针及各类载药体系等。然而,目前金纳米粒子仍存在水分散性差、肾清除效率低和量子发射产率低等问题,限制了其广泛应用。因此,研究人员对金纳米粒子表面进行多样化修饰,从而能有效克服上述缺点。本文就目前主流配体表面修饰金纳米粒子的研究进展进行了详细总结,着重介绍了功能化金纳米粒子在生物成像、生物检测、生物治疗三方面的应用,最后对金纳米粒子的临床治疗机制的探索以及商业化的应用进行了展望,希望能为相关领域的研究者们提供新思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Recently, nanomaterials have been widely used in biomedicine, aerospace, fine chemical industry and other fields. The nanoparticles which constitute nanomaterials have the properties of small size effect, surface effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied by many researchers because of their unique fluorescence properties, good biocompatibility and surface plasmon resonance. For example, in the field of biomedicine, researchers have built a series of new gold nanoparticles colorimetric sensors, optical probes and various drug delivery systems. However, at present, gold nanoparticles still have problems such as poor water dispersion, low kidney clearance efficiency and low quantum emission yield, which limit their wide application. Therefore, researchers have diversified modifications on the surface of gold nanoparticles, which can effectively overcome the above shortcomings. In this paper, the current research progress of gold nanoparticles modified by ligands was summarized in detail, focusing on the application of functional gold nanoparticles in bioimaging, biodetection and biotherapy. Finally, the exploration of clinical therapeutic mechanism and commercial application of gold nanoparticles were prospected, hoping to provide new ideas for researchers in this field. |
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