| 谢涵荃,贾倩,俞臻阳,王子齐,游向文,吴一楠.化学通报,2024,87(10):1145-1157,1080. |
| 催化剂在聚氨酯废弃物降解回收中的应用研究进展 |
| Research progress on the application of catalysts in the degradation and recovery of polyurethane waste |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-01 修订日期：2024-05-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 聚氨酯废弃物 化学回收 催化剂 醇解法 生物回收 进展 |
| 英文关键词:Polyurethane waste, chemical recovery, catalyst, biological recovery, enzyme degradation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(22076144)和科思创-同济可持续发展教席学术研究项目资助 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 791 |
| 全文下载次数: 418 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 聚氨酯(PU)已经跻身成为全球使用量第五大的聚合物,而中国更是世界上聚氨酯产量最高和消费市场规模最大的国家。然而,随着聚氨酯的大量生产和使用,也产生了显著的废弃物管理问题,如何有效地处理和回收聚氨酯废弃物,以及解决由此带来的潜在环境风险,已成为亟待解决的问题。目前,我国还尚未大规模开展聚氨酯的系统回收和再生利用工作,超过九成的聚氨酯主要以填埋和焚烧发电方式进行处置,造成空间浪费、碳排放的增加和空气污染的潜在风险。因此,为了打造绿色、低碳和循环发展新模式,创建“无废城市”,对聚氨酯等高分子材料废弃物进行回收及资源化利用,已经成为当前研究和政策关注的重点。已有的聚氨酯资源化研究和实践主要围绕化学回收,而生物回收也具有广阔的发展前景。在化学回收方面,催化剂可以有效降低反应条件,提高聚氨酯的分解速度,引导并推动多元醇和副产品的回收过程,因此在聚氨酯回收和再生中发挥至关重要的作用。在生物回收方面,各类细菌或真菌的聚氨酯酶也是催化降解过程中最重要的反应组分。本文从催化剂—包括化学催化剂和生物酶的角度对近年来的聚氨酯回收研究进行整理归纳,以期对聚氨酯废弃物回收处理中催化剂种类和方法选择提供一定的参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Polyurethane (PU) has become the fifth most used polymer in the world, and China is the world"s largest market for PU production and consumption. Mass production and use of PU also brought significant waste management problems. Effective treatment and recycling measures of PU waste as well as environmental risk management is urgently needed. There is no large-scale and systematic recovery and recycling of PU waste in China, and more than 90% of them is landfilled and incinerated, resulting in land occupation, carbon emission and potential risks of air pollution. Therefore, in order to create a new model of green, low-carbon and circular development and create a "zero-waste city", recycling and resource utilization of polymer materials waste including PU has become the focus of current research and policy focus. Existing research and practice of PU recycling mainly focus on chemical recovery, while biological recovery is also promising. In chemical recovery, the catalyst can effectively reduce the reaction conditions, improve the decomposition rate of PU, guide and promote the recovery process of polyols and byproducts, which makes it a vital role in PU recovery. In bio-recycling, urethane enzymes of various types from bacteria or fungi are the most important reaction components in the catalytic degradation process. In this paper, the research on PU recycling in recent years was summarized from the perspective of catalysts, including chemical catalysts and biological enzymes, in order to provide reference for the selection of catalyst types and methods in PU waste recycling. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|