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| 从围棋到诺贝尔化学奖： AlphaFold系列引领蛋白质结构预测与设计的新时代 |
| From Go to the Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The AlphaFold Series Sheds New Light on Protein Structure Prediction and Design |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-11 修订日期：2025-06-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 2024年诺贝尔化学奖 德米斯.哈萨比斯 约翰.迈克尔.江珀 AlphaFold |
| 英文关键词:The 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry Demis Hassabis John Michael Jumper AlphaFold |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 德米斯·哈萨比斯和约翰·迈克尔·江珀因在蛋白质结构预测领域取得的突破性成就而获得2024年诺贝尔化学奖。文章通过文献分析和技术演化路径追踪，梳理了蛋白质折叠研究的历史困境、哈萨比斯与江珀的诺奖之路以及从早期围棋AI到AlphaFold系列的发展轨迹，揭示出AlphaFold系列推动蛋白质结构预测与设计从实验驱动向计算驱动的范式转变。作为促进技术社会建构的典型案例，文章透过AlphaFold的迭代过程阐明人工智能在基础科学研究中的驱动作用，彰显出科学求索的笃守精神和多学科协作的重要性，并促使社会各界在享受技术革命加速学科融合与创新的同时，重新审视并界定人工智能的社会责任边界，以平衡其带来的机遇与风险。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Demis Hassabis and John Michael Jumper were awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their groundbreaking achievements in protein structure prediction. With a careful literature review and analyses of the scientists’ expertise in meeting the historical challenges of protein folding, their road to the Nobel Prize and the development from early Go AI to the AlphaFold series, this paper reveals how the AlphaFold series has driven the paradigm shift in protein structure prediction and design from experimental-driven to computational-driven approaches, thus a typical example of technological social construction. The paper elucidates the driving role of artificial intelligence in fundamental scientific research through its iterative process, highlighting the importance of persistent scientific inquiry and multidisciplinary collaboration. It also calls for society to reassess and redefine the boundaries of artificial intelligence's social responsibility so as to balance the opportunities and risks it brings while enjoying the accelerated integration and innovation of disciplines due to technological revolution. |
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